OpenVZの話題と実験

Modified: 2 August 2009, 16 January 2009, 10 January 2009, 13 April 2008, 19 August 2007, 19 April 2007, 28 October 2006
Created: 27 October 2006

"VPS" という言葉を聞き、怪しげなサービスを感じていましたが、特定目的ながらすごいシステムということがわかってきたので実験してみました。

OpenVZのコミュニティページ
http://openvz.org/

以下が製品版のサイトです。
http://www.swsoft.com/jp/

OpenVZの技術情報
http://opentechpress.jp/developer/article.pl?sid=07/01/17/0129254&pagenum=1
http://kano.feena.jp/?Debian%2FOpenVZ#oce96a15
http://swdn.swsoft.com/en/library/virtuozzo/

OpenVZの小技 （16 January 2009）

VTONFの話題と実験　−　GUIでメンテナンスできるツール  （12 January 2009）
VPSのバックアップ （2 August 2009）
VPSのマイグレーション　（10 January 2009）

OpenVZのインストール - CentOS4 （10 January 2009）
VPSを作成する　（27 October 2006）
コンフィグファイルの意味 （19 August 2007）

　OpenVZのインストール

yumの設定

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ # wget http://download.openvz.org/openvz.repo --00:45:41-- http://download.openvz.org/openvz.repo => `openvz.repo' download.openvz.org をDNSに問いあわせています... 69.64.46.11 download.openvz.org|69.64.46.11|:80 に接続しています... 接続しました。 HTTP による接続要求を送信しました、応答を待っています... 200 OK 長さ: 952 [text/plain] 100%[===========================================================>] 952 --.--K/s 00:45:42 (43.23 MB/s) - `openvz.repo' を保存しました [952/952] #

OpenVZ用カーネルのインストール

# yum install ovzkernel Setting up Install Process Setting up repositories openvz 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 6.4 kB 00:00 openvz : ################################################## 26/26 Added 26 new packages, deleted 0 old in 0.37 seconds primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 39 kB 00:00 update : ################################################## 116/116 Added 116 new packages, deleted 200 old in 2.52 seconds primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 569 kB 00:01 base : ################################################## 1500/1500 Added 471 new packages, deleted 420 old in 12.46 seconds primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 28 kB 00:14 extras : ################################################## 114/114 Added 34 new packages, deleted 127 old in 0.60 seconds Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packagesy. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for ovzkernel to pack into transaction set. ovzkernel-2.6.9-023stab03 100% |=========================| 519 kB 00:03 ---> Package ovzkernel.i686 0:2.6.9-023stab032.1 set to be installed --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: ovzkernel i686 2.6.9-023stab032.1 openvz 13 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 1 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 13 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/1): ovzkernel-2.6.9-02 100% |=========================| 13 MB 01:04 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID a7a1d4b6 Public key for ovzkernel-2.6.9-023stab032.1.i686.rpm is not installed Retrieving GPG key from http://download.openvz.org/RPM-GPG-Key-OpenVZ Importing GPG key 0xA7A1D4B6 "OpenVZ Project <security@openvz.org>" Is this ok [y/N]: y Key imported successfully Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: ovzkernel ######################### [1/1] Installed: ovzkernel.i686 0:2.6.9-023stab032.1 Complete! #

　４GB以上のサーバーにインストールする場合、以下でインストールします。

# yum install ovzkernel-PAE #

sysctlの設定

以下を追加変更します。

# On Hardware Node we generally need # packet forwarding enabled and proxy arp disabled net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding = 1 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.proxy_arp = 0 # Enables source route verification net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 # Enables the magic-sysrq key kernel.sysrq = 1 # We do not want all our interfaces to send redirects net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 1 net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0

OpenVZ用カーネルで起動

以下のように、OpenVZ用カーネル（2.6.9-023stab032.1）を指定して起動します。

OpenVZの管理ソフトのインストール

再起動後、以下のパッケージをインストールします。

# yum install vzctrl vzquota vzpkg Setting up Install Process Setting up repositories openvz 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files Parsing package install arguments No Match for argument: vzctrl Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for vzpkg to pack into transaction set. vzpkg-2.7.0-18.noarch.rpm 100% |=========================| 4.2 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzpkg.noarch 0:2.7.0-18 set to be updated ---> Downloading header for vzquota to pack into transaction set. vzquota-3.0.9-1.i386.rpm 100% |=========================| 3.5 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzquota.i386 0:3.0.9-1 set to be updated --> Running transaction check --> Processing Dependency: vzctl >= 2.7.0-23 for package: vzpkg --> Processing Dependency: vzyum >= 2.4.0-5 for package: vzpkg --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for vzyum to pack into transaction set. vzyum-2.4.0-11.noarch.rpm 100% |=========================| 18 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzyum.noarch 0:2.4.0-11 set to be updated ---> Downloading header for vzctl to pack into transaction set. vzctl-3.0.12-1.i386.rpm 100% |=========================| 16 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzctl.i386 0:3.0.12-1 set to be updated --> Running transaction check --> Processing Dependency: libvzctl.so.0.0.2 for package: vzctl --> Processing Dependency: vzctl-lib = 3.0.12-1 for package: vzctl --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for vzctl-lib to pack into transaction set. vzctl-lib-3.0.12-1.i386.r 100% |=========================| 2.4 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzctl-lib.i386 0:3.0.12-1 set to be updated --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: vzpkg noarch 2.7.0-18 openvz 39 k vzquota i386 3.0.9-1 openvz 47 k Installing for dependencies: vzctl i386 3.0.12-1 openvz 114 k vzctl-lib i386 3.0.12-1 openvz 61 k vzyum noarch 2.4.0-11 openvz 361 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 5 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 621 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/5): vzctl-lib-3.0.12-1 100% |=========================| 61 kB 00:03 (2/5): vzyum-2.4.0-11.noa 100% |=========================| 361 kB 00:12 (3/5): vzpkg-2.7.0-18.noa 100% |=========================| 39 kB 00:00 (4/5): vzquota-3.0.9-1.i3 100% |=========================| 47 kB 00:02 (5/5): vzctl-3.0.12-1.i38 100% |=========================| 114 kB 00:03 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: vzquota ######################### [1/5] Installing: vzyum ######################### [2/5] Installing: vzctl-lib ######################### [3/5] Installing: vzctl ######################### [4/5] Installing: vzpkg ######################### [5/5] Installed: vzpkg.noarch 0:2.7.0-18 vzquota.i386 0:3.0.9-1 Dependency Installed: vzctl.i386 0:3.0.12-1 vzctl-lib.i386 0:3.0.12-1 vzyum.noarch 0:2.4.0-11 Complete! #

さらに以下もインストールしましょう。

# yum install vzyum 'vzrpm*'

OpenVZの起動

以下のコマンドで、OpenVZを起動します。

# service vz start Starting OpenVZ: [ OK ] Bringing up interface venet0: [ OK ] Configuring interface venet0: net.ipv4.conf.venet0.send_redirects = 0 [ OK ] #

OSテンプレートのインストール

インストール可能なOSテンプレートを確認します。

# yum list vz* Setting up repositories openvz 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files Installed Packages vzctl.i386 3.0.12-1 installed vzctl-lib.i386 3.0.12-1 installed vzpkg.noarch 2.7.0-18 installed vzquota.i386 3.0.9-1 installed vzyum.noarch 2.4.0-11 installed Available Packages vzrpm43.i386 4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 openvz vzrpm43-python.i386 4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 openvz vzrpm44.i386 4.4.1-22.5 openvz vzrpm44-python.i386 4.4.1-22.5 openvz vztmpl-centos-4.i386 2.0-2 openvz vztmpl-fedora-core-3.i386 2.0-2 openvz vztmpl-fedora-core-4.i386 2.0-2 openvz vztmpl-fedora-core-5.i386 2.0-2 openvz #

CentOS４のテンプレートのインストール

以下のコマンドで、CentOS４のテンプレートをインストールします。

# yum install vztmpl-centos-4.i386 Setting up Install Process Setting up repositories openvz 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for vztmpl-centos-4 to pack into transaction set. vztmpl-centos-4-2.0-2.i38 100% |=========================| 5.4 kB 00:00 ---> Package vztmpl-centos-4.i386 0:2.0-2 set to be updated --> Running transaction check --> Processing Dependency: vzrpm43 for package: vztmpl-centos-4 --> Processing Dependency: vzrpm43-python for package: vztmpl-centos-4 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for vzrpm43-python to pack into transaction set. vzrpm43-python-4.3.3-7_no 100% |=========================| 4.4 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzrpm43-python.i386 0:4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 set to be updated ---> Downloading header for vzrpm43 to pack into transaction set. vzrpm43-4.3.3-7_nonptl.6. 100% |=========================| 13 kB 00:00 ---> Package vzrpm43.i386 0:4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 set to be updated --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: vztmpl-centos-4 i386 2.0-2 openvz 127 k Installing for dependencies: vzrpm43 i386 4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 openvz 7.0 M vzrpm43-python i386 4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 openvz 15 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 3 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 22 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/3): vztmpl-centos-4-2. 100% |=========================| 127 kB 00:02 (2/3): vzrpm43-python-4.3 100% |=========================| 15 MB 08:41 (3/3): vzrpm43-4.3.3-7_no 100% |=========================| 7.0 MB 04:00 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: vzrpm43 ######################### [1/3] Installing: vzrpm43-python ######################### [2/3] Installing: vztmpl-centos-4 ######################### [3/3] Installed: vztmpl-centos-4.i386 0:2.0-2 Dependency Installed: vzrpm43.i386 0:4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 vzrpm43-python.i386 0:4.3.3-7_nonptl.6 Complete! #

CentOS４のテンプレートのキャッシュの作成

以下のコマンドで、CentOS４のテンプレートのキャッシュを作成します。

# vzpkgcache

　VPSを作成する　

VPSを作成する

以下のコマンドで、VPSを作成します。

# vzctl create 1001 --ostemplate centos-4-i386-default --config vps.basic Creating VE private area: /vz/private/1001 Performing postcreate actions VE private area was created #

以下のコマンドで、VPSを設定します。

# vzctl set 1001 --onboot yes --save Saved parameters for VE 1001 # vzctl set 1001 --hostname openvz.tomo.ac --save Saved parameters for VE 1001 # vzctl set 1001 --ipadd 192.168.0.22 --save Saved parameters for VE 1001 # vzctl set 1001 --nameserver 192.168.0.11 --save Saved parameters for VE 1001 # vzctl set 1001 --vmguarpages 256M --save Saved parameters for VE 1001 # vzctl set 1001 --privvmpages 1G --save Saved parameters for VE 1001 # vzctl set 1001 --userpasswd root:jhgyggjkk Starting VE ... VE is mounted VE start in progress... Changing password for user root. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. Stopping VE ... VE was stopped VE is unmounted #

以下のコマンドで、VPSを起動します。

# vzctl start 1001 Starting VE ... VE is mounted Adding IP address(es): 192.168.0.22 Setting CPU units: 1000 Set hostname: openvz.tomo.ac File resolv.conf was modified VE start in progress... #

以下のコマンドで、VPSの状態を確認します。

# vzlist -a VEID NPROC STATUS IP_ADDR HOSTNAME 1001 16 running 192.168.0.22 openvz.tomo.ac #